Responsible Gambling

Today, the best casino games are just a click away, and there are more and more fans of this interactive and technological pastime. After all, the online game:

  • it's fun;
  • it is always accessible, at any time;
  • it offers varied games and activities, for different tastes.

However, let's remember that online gambling also carries some cons, such as:

  • it's not legal all over the world, not for everyone;
  • there is a risk of losing money;
  • it is possibly addictive and can lead to Compulsive Gambling.

Responsible gambling is built on conscious and healthy decisions regarding online gambling. This is because, the game can become a problem from the moment the player loses control of their actions. Compulsive Gambling is characterized by the inability to resist the impulse to gamble, with potential damage to the economic, personal, psychological, professional and/or family life of the same player.

What is Compulsive Gambling (Ludomania)

Compulsive Gambling, also known as Ludomania, is the commonly called “gambling addiction”. It is an addictive, chronic and progressive disease. Like other addictions (in the case of alcoholism), this compulsiveness is based on chemical and psychological dependence. Thus, we can define and divide 3 types of harmful games:

Problem Gambling

Gambling is problematic whenever it somehow harms any aspect of the player's life. However, the player's gambling habits are not yet completely out of control.

You feel like you're spending more and more time gambling, lying to family about your gambling habits, gambling to make up for lost bets, or even areas of your life are being harmed. For all these signs can prove that you are already experiencing a case of problem gambling.

Abusive Play

In this case, the player exhibits symptoms of pathological gambling, but intermittently, or in certain periods. An abusive player will appear to be in control of their gambling habits most of the time.

Weeks or months can go by without showing signs of addiction. However, the occasional symptoms of pathological gambling, triggered on specific occasions, should not be ignored.

Pathological or compulsive gambling

At this stage, gambling has become an addiction. Even recognizing the negative effects of gambling on your life, stopping gambling is impossible for the pathological gambler. Win or lose, you will not be able to control your desire to gamble, regardless of the consequences.

The player will take risks on higher and higher bets, with values that he knows he cannot afford, in case of loss. This pathology can bring serious problems to the life of the player and his relatives.

Signs of gambling addiction

There are patterns of behavior common to compulsive gamblers. The sooner you can recognize certain signs, the faster you can try to avoid the consequences of compulsive gambling.

Do you feel that compulsive gambling may have overwhelmed you or a loved one? According to the diagnostic criteria of the American Psychiatric Association (as of 2018), these are the main signs that you should watch out for:

  • Constant concern with the game, which makes it a priority over everything else . This is one of the main plus signs. Family, friends, work and other occupations recede into the background. While the game constantly fills the player's thoughts.
  • Increase in the value of bets . What used to be exciting ceases to be. The player needs to increase the risks and the value of his bets to continue to feel the enthusiasm of yesteryear.
  • Stopping becomes impossible . The player ceases to impose limits. Even if you repeatedly try to stop, slow down or control your gambling habits, you can't do it.
  • Game as a way of escape . Gambling becomes a way to forget or escape unpleasant problems or feelings, such as loneliness, guilt, depression or anxiety.
  • Restlessness in abstinence . As with other addictions, slowing down or stopping gambling causes restlessness and irritability in the gambler.
  • Secrecy and lies regarding gambling habits . The player may feel the need to deny their true involvement with the game by lying or hiding the consequences from family, friends and/or therapists.
  • Impairment of family, social and/or professional life . Behavioral issues may threaten important relationships for the player and jeopardize job or educational opportunities.
  • Compensation for losses . Even though it is impossible to win every time, a compulsive gambler cannot accept his defeats. Always come back to play to try to recover the lost money, it will "make the hole deeper".
  • Bet money you don't have . The player begins to bet money that is necessary for his survival and his family. Very often, financial problems arise. These lead the player to borrow money and take on large debts or sell necessary goods. They may even steal or commit illegal acts in order to finance gambling.

We remind you that any case or suspicion of compulsive gambling should be evaluated, diagnosed and monitored by a health professional. Please note that this list of signs should in no case serve as a self-diagnosis.

Many of these signs may be related to certain psychopathologies, such as: depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive behavior or hyperactivity. Therefore, the diagnosis of a professional becomes essential. In case of any suspicion, do not hesitate to seek the opinion of a mental health professional, as well as a therapist or psychiatrist.

What are the causes of Ludomania

As in any other addition, the causes of ludomania are difficult to define exactly. However, we know that it is a complex set of factors that acts on the individual, making him more prone to this pathology-ranging from a genetic propensity to personality disorders, for example.

Biological Factors

Studies have shown that the brains of some compulsive gamblers work in a very similar to those of dependents chemicals , as is the case with Alcoholics. Gambling secretes serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, as well as hormones linked to stress, happiness and excitement.

Some compulsive gamblers fail to produce enough of these hormones themselves. Gambling thus becomes a necessary means of compensation, and a dependency.

O sex it is also a factor, with men playing more and at a younger age, on average. Women, on the other hand, can be overcome by addiction, more quickly.

Other possible important factors are genetic propensity and the use of dopamine agonist drugs . As well as, certain medications to treat Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome.

Psychological Factors

Gambling problems can to some extent be associated with certain personality traits dominant. Among these are competitiveness, work addiction, impulsivity, restlessness (or the ease of falling into boredom), egocentrism, megalomania and the desire for power. On the other hand, the easy belief in certain superstitions , relating to online gambling, is also a risk factor.

In addition to personality traits, there are psychopathologies and disorders this could be directly related to compulsive gambling. These are disorders such as anxiety, depression, hyperactivity, obsessive-compulsive disorder or bipolar disorder.

Social Factors

Problems with gambling may intensify during tense/ problematic situations in the life of a player. Thus, moments of loneliness or excessive stress, work problems, the death of a loved one or conflicting family relationships may be risk factors for a player with compulsive tendencies in online gambling.

Some people may resort to gambling in times of economic difficulties , believing that the game could be a solution to generate income or financial relief. This is, of course, a false idea that, on the contrary, can enhance gambling addiction and, consequently, the most serious economic problems of the player.

Background gambling in childhood and / or adolescence may also increase the risk of ludomania. As well as, the influence of friends or family maintain problem gambling habits.

Comorbidity

As we have seen, there is a link between compulsive gambling and various psychopathologies and disorders . Anxiety, depression, hyperactivity, obsessive-compulsive disorder or bipolar disorder are some of the disorders most present in compulsive gamblers.

On the other hand, among compulsive gamblers, it is also common to dependence on alcohol and other drugs . According to SICAD Statistics (2018), in New Zealand 27.5% of abusive players abuse alcohol, while 7.8% use other drugs. In addition, the same statistics prove that 8.5% of New Zealanders with alcohol problems, and 3.6% with addictions to other drugs, have associated problems with gambling.

Negative effects of compulsive gambling

When the game is no longer just an entertainment, the life of a player, and those close to him, can be affected in many ways. Let us now look at how compulsive gambling affects some aspects of a gambler's life.

  • Finance

Gambling addiction and the inability to stop gambling lead many gamblers to experience major economic problems. The "borrow money" is indebted to the player, little by little. Meanwhile, the sale of goods, theft or the practice of illegal acts, can become desperate resources to get the money necessary to continue feeding the addiction.

  • Employment

Often the player chooses his time and / or place of work to bet, away from home and family. Decreased productivity, long absence times, excessive use of the phone for personal calls, arguments with colleagues about money owed to them, or even drastic mood swings, all these are some of the negative effects of the game, with direct influence on the professional performance of the player. Compulsive gamblers often end up getting fired.

  • Family

Statistics show that within the families of a compulsive gambler there is a greater tendency towards cases of domestic violence or abuse of minors. These statistics also show us that the children of a compulsive gambler are more likely to develop behavioral problems, depression or substance abuse over time.

On the other hand, financial problems, debts incurred, impoverishment and possible illegal acts on the part of the player can also have a great impact on the family.

  • Mental Health

As with other addictions, there are psychiatric illnesses that can be triggered or aggravated by compulsive gambling. Among the most common pathologies in compulsive gamblers are anxiety, depression, hyperactivity, obsessive-compulsive disorder or bipolar disorder. Suicide attempts, or suicidal thoughts, are also a constant risk among compulsive gamblers.

Is gambling addiction common?

The Portuguese Association of online betting and gaming (APAJO) states that, in New Zealand, between 400 and 600 thousand people are somehow involved in the world of gambling (based on a 2019 study). These figures represent between 4.6% and 6.9% of the national population. Among these, gambling addiction is probably more common than you might imagine.

According to the latest data from SICAD (2018), 1.2% of active players in New Zealand live dominated by pathological gambling. While another 2.7% have problem gambling habits.

In other words, these figures mean that about 2,3% of the Portuguese population has problems with gambling. While 0.6% of New Zealanders are pathological gamblers, and the other 1.2% are problem gamblers.

Let's take into account some facts:

  • Compulsive gambling is a problem that can be present in very diverse activities, such as: dog and horse racing, sports betting, casino games, craps, card games, slot machines, lottery or bingo.
  • Scratch cards, slot machines, lotteries and other fast-payback games are the types of games most likely to drive a type of compulsive gambling.
  • In recent years, the growth of the internet and the emergence of online casinos have contributed to a rise in the number of compulsive gamblers in New Zealand and the rest of the world.

How to beat Compulsive Gambling?

Compulsive gambling is a chronic and progressive pathology that, while it cannot be cured, can be retained or controlled. This is because, there are several means in which a compulsive gambler can mitigate the effects of this pathology, among them:

  • Therapy and medical treatment . Medical action is essential, proving to be the most effective means in the recovery of a compulsive gambler. Psychotherapy makes recovery possible for many gamblers, in part because there is a close link between compulsive gambling and depression, anxiety or substance abuse. A doctor may also prescribe medications that enhance a balance in the player's impulses, such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, or medication used to treat other addictions.
  • Support groups. In conjunction with psychotherapy, help groups can make it easier and more effective for compulsive gamblers to recover. One example is Gamblers Anonymous (JA), a meeting, sharing and support group, which operates in a similar way to the Alcoholics Anonymous program. In New Zealand, meetings are held in Wellington, Porto and Carcavelos. You can find contact information for this and other organizations at the end of this article.
  • Daily Actions. There are small actions that the player can and should try to foster in his life. We recommend that you strengthen ties with your support network (family, friends). Find recreational activities that you enjoy and that occupy you. Avoid being alone and limit your access to tempting places, also imposing limits and obstacles between yourself and money.

How to help someone cope with gambling addiction?

It often becomes apparent to the families of compulsive gamblers that something is wrong, even if they don't initially understand exactly what. Some clear signs of gambling addiction are:

  • omits or lies about your gambling habits.
  • he neglects the relationship he had with himself or other family members, to the detriment of the game.
  • he began borrowing money frequently, or selling goods.
  • he spends more and more time playing.
  • spend, in the game, money that was intended for the payment of bills or the purchase of food.

When you suspect a case of compulsive gambling within your family or circle of friends, remember that one of the characteristics of an addictive behavior is denial.

The player may have difficulty understanding that they have a problem. Recognising and tackling compulsive gambling can be a huge challenge for the player and the support of their family and close friends is precious.

Remember that the decision to stop playing has to be made by the player himself, and by no one else. However, there are small steps you can and should take:

  1. Encourage the player to seek help and positively support their recovery efforts.
  2. Remember yourself . Protect yourself emotionally and financially and if necessary seek help to deal with the situation. The Institute of gambler support (IAJ) has an open Helpline also for the family members of compulsive gamblers. You can consult the contact of this Institute at the end of this article.
  3. Prepare to say " no” the moment the compulsive gambler asks you for money. Anticipate this moment, and be strong in your decision.
  4. Be aware of any possibility of a suicide attempt.

The situation can be so much tougher for family members, the closer the life they share with the player. Whether the compulsive gambler is your partner or your dependent:

  1. Recognize your loved one's problem and don't look for excuses or ways to deny your addition.
  2. Talk to the player in a calm moment . Explain that your gambling habits affect you and your family and that this is why you should seek help.
  3. Avoid sermons, moralistic lessons, threats or ultimatums . Try to always remain calm.
  4. Talk to your children , if applicable, about your partner's problem.
  5. Do not delete the player or family programs.
  6. Take control of family finances , making sure that their savings and the money needed to support their family are not at risk.
  7. Prepare for a long and difficult recovery process and be present, encourage and support your loved one, throughout the journey

How to prevent the suicide of a problem gambler

The suffocating feeling of living an addiction, the potential family, economic or work problems generated, as well as all the personality disorders, connected with ludomania, are factors that keep open the possibility of a suicide attempt. Family and friends of a compulsive gambler should always be on the lookout for any signs of a suicide attempt.

If you've plunged into suicidal thoughts, or if you believe a friend or family member may be at risk, remember: there is a helpline ready to listen and help you.

Alternatives to the game

A compulsive gambler may have the delusional idea that gambling is the only answer to filling some lack or need in their life. However, in any situation you can choose healthy and more efficient alternatives.

Reason for the game Alternative
When I play, I love that feeling of adrenaline! Get a good dose of adrenaline and excitement. Dare to try extreme or challenging sports! The possibilities are immense, from climbing to mountain biking, surfing, karting, rafting, skydiving, or even bungee jumping! If you live in the city, look for an indoor climbing club, a paintball club, dare to explore the world of parkour or recover your old skateboard, for example.
The game helps me not to think about my problems and get through bad times. We advise you to resort to therapy sessions. Talking about what you feel with a professional can be surprisingly relieving and enlightening. In addition, any other form of expression can help you release bad feelings and tensions. If you feel it might be beneficial for you, indulge in the cathartic effect of theatre or dance, or try drama therapy or art therapy sessions.
The game helps me fight loneliness and boredom. Discover or rediscover the things that make you passionate. Art, music, sports, literature, collecting, astronomy, cinema, crafts, cooking, the list is endless if you will! Find a hobby that you really enjoy and that keeps you busy. You will be in a new and exciting environment, with other people who share the same interests and making new friends.
The game help me relax, after a stressful day. Try other forms of relaxation and give yourself some quality time. We all deserve a little treat after a stressful day. Good books, that movie that recommended us or listening to the best album of our favorite music group, as well as meditation and yoga, with breathing exercises are daily practices that will surely make you feel better, physically and mentally. If you are not a fan of any of these practices, offer your body a little exercise. With just 15 minutes of exercise you can release the tensions of a heavy day! For especially stressful days, do not deny yourself a well-deserved massage session.
I need money If you are facing financial problems, the best option will be to seek the help of a financial advisor. Keep in mind that in any game of Chance, the odds are always against the player. The probabilities of loss and indebtedness are much higher than those of profit.

Ludomania: myths and facts

Myth: Anyone who does not play every day cannot be considered a problem gambler.

Fact: Problem gambling is not "measured" by the frequency with which it is played, but by the problems caused in the life of the player and those close to him. Even if the player only plays sporadically and occasionally, compulsive behaviors, in relation to gambling, at these times, prove that the player is problematic.

Myth: The game is only problematic from the moment the player can no longer afford it.

Fact: Although financial difficulties are a serious and common consequence among problem gamblers, they are not an imperative condition. A gambler who can fund his gambling habits but is affected by gambling in any other area of his life is a problem gambler. Even if financial problems are not an issue, the game can become an addition.

There are situations of family conflict or problems at work. Psychological pathologies such as depression or anxiety develop, which can provoke thoughts of suicide.

Myth: Only an irresponsible or unintelligent person will be able to get into trouble with gambling.

Fact : As in any case of addiction, compulsive gambling can affect anyone, regardless of age, education, economic level or socio-cultural background. Compulsive Gambling is a disorder that causes the player to lose control over their actions. If a compulsive gambler makes irresponsible decisions, this does not mean that he is an irresponsible person by nature.

Myth: One way to help a compulsive gambler is to pay off their debts.

Fact: By paying off the debts of a compulsive gambler, you may be perpetuating the problem. When his financial problems are solved, a gambler may not be able to avoid betting again, relying on his newly won economic security.

There are no quick fixes that can turn this problem around. Although it is extremely difficult for family and close friends of the player, it is necessary to know how to say “no” to loan requests by the compulsive gambler.

Myth: Compulsive gambling affects only adult people.

Fact: The internet has brought gambling to every home computer and now to everyone's mobile phone. In recent years, more and more young people and children have the opportunity to experience this type of games directly. Also remember that even when not playing, a child close to a player may be indirectly influenced in their future gaming habits.

Help resources for players

Gamblers Anonymous

Organization that, worldwide, organizes meetings of sharing and support groups. It includes a 12-step program for player recovery.

BeGambleAware

Non-profit organization that provides information and help regarding Compulsive Gambling. They have a helpline, especially aimed at people in England, Scotland and Wales.

Problem Gambling

Canadian website, available in English, French or Spanish. Find information about compulsive gambling here. Helplines available in Canada. Support information for family members of gamblers, as well as valuable self-help tools for compulsive gamblers, free to sign up.

Gamblers Anonymous

Representation of Gamblers Anonymous, which operates in New Zealand. They hold meetings in Wellington, Porto and Carcavelos.

Intervention Service in Addictive Behaviors and dependencies (SICAD)

The National Health Service has statistics and news on its website. With useful links and contacts, for those who suffer from addictive behaviors and dependencies.

Institute of Player Support (IAJ)

Institute that works in the treatment, prevention, training and investigation of cases of compulsive gambling. This entity carries out conferences, interventions and awareness-raising actions on the subject. Here, you can count on a support line for players and family, as well as access to clinical consultations and supervision.